Canvas Art

Demonstration Speech Outline Specific purpose statement: To inform my audience about the 5 steps of melted crayon art. Introduction: Attention Getter; Do you ever get bored, and you are a creative person who loves crayons? Well if you are, you can create a piece of art on a canvas. Credentials: I’ve done plenty of canvas arts and they are easy and fun to make. Tie to audience: Crayon canvas art, can be done pretty much by anyone. They are simple to make and can give you a piece of art to hang on your wall that you created. Thesis Statement: There are 5 steps in melting crayons on a canvas.The First step is Gathering your supplies, Second step glue crayons onto the top of your canvas in the order you want, Third step place your canvas against a wall or hold it up, Forth step take your hair-dryer or lighter and apply to canvas, and the Fifth step is once you're satisfied with your canvas, let the wax dry. Body: I. The First step, is Gathering all the supplies. a. Crayons b. Glue c. Canvas d. Hair-dryer or Lighter II. The second step, glue your crayons onto the top of the canvas in the order you want. a. Make sure to place your crayons where you want them. b.Make sure your crayons are glued. c. Make sure your crayons are dried. III. The Third step, place your canvas against a wall or held up so the wax drips down. a. Make sure the glue is dry. b. Make sure the canvas is at a tilt or slant. c. Be sure it is sturdy. IV. The Forth step, take your hair-dryer or lighter, turn it to their highest setting, and blow-dry or melt the crayons. a. Apply any design cutout (Optional). b. Apply the hair-dryer or lighter to the canvas. c. Melt the crayons in the way you want until satisfied. V. The Fifth step is once you're satisfied with your canvas, let the wax dry. . When finished, let it set for a few minutes. b. When your art work is done you can display it on a wall, or give it to someone as a gift. Conclusion: Today I have shown you how to create a piece of art on a canvas using crayons. To do this properly the steps must be done in proper order. Fist gather all of the supplies, second glue the crayons on top of the canvas where you want them, third place your canvas on a wall or help up, forth apply the hair-dryer or lighter to blow-dry or melt the crayons, and fifth once you’re satisfied let the canvas set for a few minutes to dry.

Personality Theory Analysis Essay

In human nature, personality is explained in various ways depending on the environment an individual lives in. Personality is the traits and characteristics of an individual unique ways of expressing his or her feelings towards any situation in his or her social circle. The learning theory is explained as the process in which humans learn and how they adapt to permanent behavioral change in the environment. Humanistic and existential theories are the holistic approach to psychological health and human behavior toward meaning, values, personal experience, and self-actualization. The knowledge of both humanistic and existential and learning theories gives a board insight into human nature and personal reaction and growth in the external environment of one’s personality (University of Phoenix, 2013). The learning theory is examine how an individual’s reacts to his or her personal environment and the behavior conditions which one displays in his or her environment. B. F. Skinner theory of behaviorism explains how a person is held accountable for his or her actions with the illusion of self-control. Skinner argues the choice of free will or genetics shape the environmental factors of reinforced behaviors. He believed that people are a product of his or her environment. Skinner believed that positive reinforcements strengths an individual’s behaviors by providing a sense of consequences and rewards for the reinforcement (University of Phoenix, 2013). Albert Bandura’s social cognitive theory redefines the assumption human functioning is a combination of genetics and influences from the environment. Bandura proposes humans are capable of self-efficacy from using his or her external and internal instincts. Bandura believed through personal strengths influences the way a person reacts to different situation that can affect a person’s behavior. Observation learning is proposed in Bandura’s theory. He believed that people learn from his or her environment when placed in various situations  (University of Phoenix, 2013). Learning happens in a cause and effect relationship in the environment. The cause would be the reaction to a behavior in the environment and the effect would be the consequences an individual faces from the reaction to the situation in the environment. Individuals are placed in similar experiences to determine what the outcome will be in the situation. The individual becomes passive and simply react to the experience he or she is going through. Cognitive learning explains how a person’s rational thinking and behavior determines a person’s complex responds to a behavior from individual thought process (University of Phoenix, 2013). The humanistic approach is implemented when an individual has reached self-fulfillment or potential growth. The way a person reacts in situational behavior depends on the level of potential behavior one is capable to re sponding too. Maslow suggests the driving force in a person motivation and personality needs is called holistic dynamic theory. A person’s motivation is created from another need to another need in personal growth and self -actualization. Maslow believed a person needs are being met when he or she satisfy a lower need (University of Phoenix, 2013). Carl Rogers believed that humans evolved from a conscious mind through formal tendencies. Rogers agreed with Maslow that individuals motivated toward self-actualization of a person’s personal growth in his or her environment. Rogers’s person-centered theory focused on a person’s constructive and personal directions in his or her life. With self-awareness, a person is free to make choices and participate in his or her own personalities. He suggested that people focused on his or her current subjective understanding rather than the unconscious motive interpretation of the current situation. Rogers’s relationships encourage psychological growth within individuals (University of Phoenix, 2013). The existential theory explains that individuals are responsible for his or her own choices that he or she makes in a formal or informal decision. Rollo May believed that anxiety and informal decisions are the factors in human motivation. The anxieties come from an individual’s mental state of mind and are prone to avoid anxiety. May’s believed that individuals show move to his or her own destiny (University of Phoenix, 2013). The learning theory is an accumulation of learned behavior that will increased through a person’s life span. Individuals stem from situational behaviors to gain possible reinforcement  and reward from the decisions he or she makes. Skinner believed the environment shaped a person’s personality from the environment he or she resides in. The environment influences a person’s character and traits to make decisions to gain personal rewards. The humanistic and existential theory moves toward fulfillment and the realization of an individual growth for his or her needs (University of Phoenix, 2013). Rollo May believed a person have to maintain a healthy relationship with others, but in the end will be alone. Abraham Maslow insists through self-actualization a person will gain the feelings of others, but will not rely on others for self-esteem or personal gain. Rogers believed through a caregiver responds to promote psychological growth in a child. Humanism emphasized on the interpersonal relationship that is essential to personal development in a person’s personality. In interpersonal relationship, a personal will have confidence in social gatherings he or she holds close to them. Bandura proposed an individual learning comes from observation learning from a person’s observation in making a critical or informal decision (University of Phoenix, 2013). From the learning perspective side, people associate with others to receive reinforcement or rewards from social interactions. People continue to form associations with others to reinforce a particular behavior from ot hers around them. People make inform judgments in protecting his or her environment from natural forces or people trying to inflict personal harm towards them. When reinforcement is not applied, people will maintain a healthy relationship through personal association to gain reinforcement. People learn from his or her environment and if is placed into a different environment, then the individual will have to adjustment in a new situation. By taking a person what of his or her comfort zone, the individual will able to adapt of different environment needs and make decision accordingly. The theory relates more to nature verses nurture when an individual needs are being met for personal growth and development in his or her new surrounding environment (University of Phoenix, 2013). The existential theory concentrated on the free will of an individual to make any decision he or she chooses. The theory drives on the sense of well-being and to be in the world to maintain a healthy psychological growth. If a p erson decides to on making bad choices, he or she will have to answer to them. The choices a person makes show his or her character and personality traits of how to make  an inform decision. He or she wants let any other person cloud his or her decision-making and will rely on his or her own judgment. The results can be either constructive or deconstructive role in the decision making process (University of Phoenix, 2013). Social constructivism is defined as behavior or knowledge constructed from person’s behavior based on new ideas a person gain from past and present knowledge or experiences. Bandura believed a person learns from experience and through observation personal growth and development was shorten. The beliefs are essential component of personal development that depends on the social environment others within another’s environment. The genetic factors contributed to the social influences by others in constructing his or her own personality in significant individuals. The action did not encourage the behavior, but changed the events of the behavior. The social relationship changes the perspective of one’s view within another’s environment and emotional state of mind. The personal development will be what the individual gain from his or her learning experiences (University of Phoenix, 2013). Maslow laid the foundation in understanding the characteristics of a healthy and normal person. His theory of self-actualization gave the perception of reality, straightforwardness, and genuine characteristics of an individual’s personality traits. Many individuals have the need for solitude and independence to appreciate the ordinary things in life. People need to indulge in social interests, seek social experiences, maintain a few interpersonal relationships, and have an idealistic sense of humor to properly functions in today society (University of Phoenix, 2013). Learning theories is the human learning that is results from behavior and personality in an individual’s environment with internal considerations. Humanistic and existential theory is the tendency for internal drive of self- predetermination. The behavior viewed as a movement toward actualization and situational behavior as reinforce or reward. The aspect of interpersonal growth with each theory discussed. The perspectives affect by situational behavior in distant characterizations of human nature. The personal development of an individual when placed in a social setting and the decision- making he or she encounter in his or her environment. The diversity of reasoning related to thought and understanding of human nature from a psychological point of view. References Colman, A. M. (Ed.). (2010). Humanistic psychology. In Oxford Reference Online. Retrieved March 7, 2015, from http://www.oxfordreference.com/pub/views/home.html McLeod, S. (2007). Carl Rogers. Simply Pychology. Retrieved March 7, 2015 from http://www.simplypsychology.org/carl-rogers.html University of Phoenix. (2013). Theories of Personality. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, PSY405 website.

THERAPUTIC HYPOTHERMIA FOR NEUROPROTECTION POST ADULT CARDIAC ARREST Essay

THERAPUTIC HYPOTHERMIA FOR NEUROPROTECTION POST ADULT CARDIAC ARREST - Essay Example Once these ischemic injuries set in, they leave patients with symptoms including high body temperature and other neurological dysfunctions. In such cases, the need to find protective interventions to deal with these aftermath effects becomes highly important and urgent. In this paper, one critical intervention to dealing with post adult cardiac arrest, which has effects like risk of ischemic injury to tissue, which is therapeutic hypothermia discussed for its effectiveness and efficiency as a care approach. Neurological anatomy and physiology is discussed due to the relationship between neurological wellbeing and post cardiac arrest. As Arrich, Holzer, Havel, Mà ¼llner and Herkner (2012) note, â€Å"Good neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest is hard to achieve†. An understanding of the neurological anatomy and physiology will therefore make it possible to know why this is so and how this situation can effectively be tackled using therapeutic hypothermia. Quote (year) explained that neurological system comprises of two major components, which are the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Whereas the PNS is mainly made up of nerves that exit from the spinal cord, the CNS comprises the brain, the spinal cord, and the cranial nerves. Three major organs can therefore be anatomically and physiologically identified, which are brain, spinal cord and the vertebral column. Functionally, the brain is responsible for functions including â€Å"imagination, memory, speech, and limb movements to secretion hormones and control of various organs within the body† (Sehati, 2009). These functions are however made possible by the collective functioning of other cells, tissues and organs including brain cells, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid (csf), ventricles, brainstem, thalamus, cerebellum, lobes, cerebrum, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, basal ganglia, pineal gland, and cranial

Conflict between Turkey vs. PKK (Kurdish terrorist group) within Research Paper

Conflict between Turkey vs. PKK (Kurdish terrorist group) within 1992-2002 - Research Paper Example The PKK is a recognized Kurdish terrorist group. Before September 11, 2001, it might have been considered a rebel group, but following the events of that day an international effort was put in place to try to limit and disrupt such organizations and cut off their financing. Lists were drawn up by the United States and its allies. Turkey was given the go ahead to taker serious actions against the PKK and eventually arrested its leaders. Today the PKK is still a threat, but its significance is limited. The current Turkish government is more liberal than many have recently been on the Kurdish questions and has been more open to the Kurds. New freedoms have taken some of the sting out of the PKK and turned ordinary Kurds away from them. The creation of de facto Kurdistan state in northern Iraq has also released pressure. The world has changed a lot over the last century. Terrorism has shifted too. It is now a global phenomenon motivated by a distorted global ideology. The PKK has lot a lot power because of this in recent

Assignment 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

2 - Assignment Example This device uses a simple board which has images of what the patient encounters daily (Langwith, 2011). So the patient can just point on the images and you understand what he/she is referring to. Safety of a cerebral palsy patient is very important this is because they are very vulnerable to falling. For them to fall it is involuntary therefore no blame can be placed to them therefore it is vital to ensure their safety is guaranteed. Whenever they are ensure they are ensure there are no dangerous objects near them like knife. It is known that safety cannot be 100% guaranteed but one has to do his level best to ensure that the patient is safe. Communicating with patient will help by letting him know dangerous object that he can try to avoid. Above all the patient should have someone to monitor him all time this will make him feel safe and loved. Cerebral palsy patient are normally affected by chest infections especially pneumonia. According to (Gregory, 1981) it is because they are less active thus don’t exercise the lungs to clear phlegm. As a control measure the patient should be given annual influenza vaccine beside the other vaccines he receives on

Managing Diversity and Equal Opurtunity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing Diversity and Equal Opurtunity - Essay Example According to this theory, discrimination is categorised into realistic, social and consensual discrimination. Realistic competition refers to a type of discrimination is driven by self-interest, which a person or group of people intend to obtain things like food, shelter, customers or territory among others. This form of discrimination is perpetuated when one group, which is often advantaged favours its members to enable them receive or obtain more same resources as compared to the others (Blank and Citro, 2004, p. 57). Social competition on the other hand is a kind of discrimination driven by desire for self esteem. The intention of this discrimination is to achieve positive social status for members of one group or groups as compared to other disadvantaged groups. Finally, consensual discrimination refers to a kind of discrimination based on desire to be excellent or accurate. This type of discrimination reflects legitimate and stable hierarchy status of a specific group of people. Example of this form of discrimination is racism, where certain race feels more superior as compared to the others. It is worth noting that discrimination can be perpetrated anywhere by any person or group of persons. ... evident during hiring and firing, compensation, classification of employees or assignment, recalling, laying off, promotion, transfer, testing and recruitment of employees. It is also evident during utilization of company’s resources, apprenticeships and trainings, pay, fringe benefits, retirement plans or disability leave of employees. Discrimination behaviour or action is evident when bosses become harder on certain employees than others based on irrelevant characteristics such as gender, race, height, weight, sexual orientation, physical disability or age. This is unethical especially if one losses or suffer damage like not getting well deserved promotion or pay hike. Discrimination takes many forms and are based on what Cahn (2002) refer s to as irrelevant characteristics such as age, disability, genetics, religion, race/ colour, sex or nationality. Examples of different forms of discrimination are listed as follows. If a person decides to donate to help disadvantage membe rs of the society like helping the orphans, but decides to donate less to others out of racist attitude, the person acts discriminately even if he benefits the recipients. Excluding students from an educational institution, training program, loan, student group, opportunities or scholarships on the basis of age or colour is some form of discrimination. Excluding people from housing, contracting/leasing or obtaining a loan on the basis of sex or age is also discrimination (Lucas, 2009). Refusal to give (advance) credit or perpetuating unequal loan terms for people because they are people from a different religion or gender is also discrimination. In the past, the government of the day in countries like South Africa and Papua New Guinea develop policies of racial discrimination during the era of

Annotated bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Annotated Bibliography Example ternet marketing, in terms of how the online marketing influences consumer psychology and hence consumer purchasing behavior, which makes the book a must read for anybody interested in our topic. In this journal article, the authors discuss extensively online consumer information and advertising. Basically, they discuss on Internet advertising gives information to consumers online, which in turns affects their purchasing behavior; hence, the article is very relevant to this topic. In this article from The New Yorker Magazine, the author, Malcom Gladwell, examines the science of marketing and incorporates aspects of Internet marketing and their influence on the consumer. He discusses how such marketing strategies influence consumer purchasing behavior; thus, the article is very relevant to this study. In this book, the author extensively explores Internet marketing concentrating on online marketing andterming it as the newest and one of the fastest growing forms of marketing. The author argues that Internet marketing is increasingly becoming popular and that it is playing a big role in influencing consumer behavior, that is consumer purchasing behavior, which makes it very relevant to the topic of our discussion. In this article in the Time Magazine, the author, Steven Johnson, discusses how bloggers, hobbyists and diarists among others promote extensive Internet marketing and how their activities influence consumer demand and behavior. Due to this, the article is very relevant to the research, which deals with the role of Internet marketing on consumer behavior. In this article, the author, Abhilasha Mehta, touches on the issue of advertising attitudes and advertising effectiveness, where he looks at how Internet marketing is becoming a major type of advertising and how it is massively beginning to influence purchasing behavior of consumers all over the world. He emphasizes the fact that Internet marketing is becoming a very effective means of advertising in

Technological Convergence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Technological Convergence - Essay Example The essay "Technological Convergence" covers the overview of the design and technological features of the iPhone 4S cellphone. The iPhone 4 S cellphone has some of the most advanced features that can be found on a hand held communication device. The primary reason why I bought this phone is its simplicity despite having many features. iPhone 4S has a large screen with retina display technology makes it possible to view a lot of information on a single display without compromising the quality. The accelerator technology keeps everything on the screen in an upright position even when the phone changes orientation. The touch screen technology makes it possible to have a large screen with the inbuilt touch keypad. The best technology is I Cloud application. iCloud technology enables the user to communicate with other devices such as computers, iPads, PDAs remotely without connecting to them via cable connections. For instance, I usually send or retrieve music and video files from my computer without using the USB cable. I use my iPhone 4 S to play video games that can project to HDTV by use of AirPlay technology. With the 3G internet technology, I can move files and videos through the internet at a speed of 10 Mbps. The most intelligent feature is the Siri technology that makes it possible to communicate verbally with the phone. I talk and command the iPhone just as I would to a human being. With its two core processors in the A5 microchip, it is the fastest phone that I have ever used especially for gaming.

Power and Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Power and Politics - Essay Example Researchers typify these arenas as a set of activities (Ferris, Frink, Bhawuk, et al., 1996; Mintzberg, 1985) in which few of the involved individuals are not known, and in which most of the rules are ambiguous. Organizational politics and power influence pits some individuals or employees of the organization against other similar entities or even against the organization itself, causing harm to the individuals, organizations and the growth prospects. However, politics and power influence remain an integral part of organizations, which the management personnel have long tried to reduce if not eliminate it from the company culture. The structure of a team is important in determining how the team will perform. Each team member should contribute skills to enhance the team's overall performance. Individual work habits and leadership styles will determine if the team has the ability to join together and complete their common goals. Teams create environments that bring out the best in each team member. A commitment to effectively communicating information and ideas is a characteristic of an effective team. That is why the usage of coercion and politics to gain advantage over team members can be very destructive to team dynamics. Coercion is defined by the Oxford English Dictionary is to force one to act or think in a certain manner, to dominate, restrain, or control by force. Often at work or in a group environment one might utilize this form of power to control dominance over the group. This usage of power can often make other team members conform. In a successful team conformity is not a useful tactic. The usage of politics and coercion to gain advantage over team members is a danger to the success of the project. Once team members realize that their input is not wanted more than likely they will withdraw from the process altogether. The USA today states, "offices dynamics often change from the usage of intimidation". (Bartol, 2008) For example a team must work together to process information for the desired results. Once a member takes advantage of a situation and use coercion to gain advantage it often leads to disaster. An example of such disaster happened recently within our team. A couple classes ago we had a member that was an extremely dominant person. The person was very smart and well educated but had a problem understanding the syllabus. Everybody in the team would understand the group assignments one way but she would always play devil advocate on the simplest details. She would use coercion to gain advantage over the other team members when we would meet to complete group assignments. The entire team was guilty of just going with the flow, not wanting to cause any problem. She was so convincing we felt she had to be correct! The result was a low grade, because the content was not correct. So the team from that moment on did not allow that dominant personality use politics and power to manipulate the group any more. Information Power is define as power through information as; Information power is the access to and/or the 'control' of information. It is one of the most important

Can environmental factors acting on organisms lead to inherited Essay

Can environmental factors acting on organisms lead to inherited changes in phenotype in descendant - Essay Example Any ecosystem is composed of Abiotic and Biotic components. The Abiotic components include the atmosphere, where air acts as a medium, lithosphere and hydrosphere. The nature of the response of the organisms to these Abiotic factors depends on the essential factors and limiting factors. The response is best explained rather by ecological theories like Liebig-Blackman Law of Limiting factors and Shelford's Law of Tolerance. The Biotic components are composed of the biotic community each with an ecological niche influenced by community evolution, succession, growth, regulation and interactions. The ecological genetics is thus, a product of interactions of organisms with these Abiotic and biotic factors with the elements of adaptation, natural selection and speciation largely influenced by the ecological dynamics of energy flow and biogeochemical cycles. Thus, inherited changes in a phenotype depends on gravity of these interactions and the potential of these factors to cause a genomic change or a mutation. It is worthy to mention the role of Ecological pollution as a potential and vital factor in this process of genomic change today. Ecological pollution is one of the vital factors causing genomic changes or mutation, which is being carried through the generations. Thus, these pollutants act as potential mutagens. ... More than 65,000 chemicals are currently in use in U.K with which human beings come into constant contact. Many of these chemicals are harmful and pose a serious health hazard. Numerous chemicals have been designated as hazardous to biological system and these chemicals pose an occupational health hazard to workers who are constantly in contact with them. These chemicals are often toxic, mutagenic/carcinogenic, causing serious diseases like Cancer and disabilities of various kinds. Even children born to women working in nickel refinery have been found to have Genital malformations. Industrial units that release toxic gases like Sulphur di oxide, Nitrogenous compounds and Mercurial derivatives contribute to air pollution to a great extent. The automobile exhaust fumes rich in carbon monoxide harms the oxygen binding mechanism in human blood. Welding is another industrial important contributor in which metal or other thermoplastic materials are joined together by the application of heat or pressure. This process produces gases like acetylene, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, ozone, phosgene and tungsten. (Palmer .T, 2006) The gas and chemical pollutants primarily enter the human system by inhalation route namely Respiration. The deposition of these inhaled particles in the lungs is influenced by its physical and chemical properties and a variety of host factors. In the lungs, these particles produce a variety of reactions including Asthma and Cancer depending on the concentration, duration of the exposure of the particles, and degree of exposure. Even babies in the womb have been found to be susceptible than their mothers to DNA damage from air pollution, despite the added protection of the

Different Ways of Talking Essay Example for Free

Different Ways of Talking Essay What causes air pollution? What effects does air pollution have on the human body? Air pollution in the 21st century is becoming more and more serious in the world. This is especially an important problem to us of what effects does air pollution have on our healthy. This essay will explain what causes air pollution and outline the effects of air pollution on the human body. There are several factors that cause air pollution. The first factor is Ozone. As a report, Ozone forms as a product of solar energy and photochemical reactions of pollutants. It is easy that the highest concentrations of ozone in the atmosphere occur when sunlight is the highest temperature (Kleinman, 2000). In our daily life, vehicle exhaust, industrial emissions, gasoline vapours are some of the most important sources of ozone (Air pollution, 2010). The second factor is Airborne Particles. It is from combustion sources, such as power plants and automobile (Kleinman, 2000). The mainly of airborne particle is from motor vehicles, wood burning heaters and industry (Air pollution, 2010). The third factor is Carbon Monoxide. Carbon Monoxide is from fuel combustion in industrial processes, Vehicle exhaust contributes most carbon monoxide emissions in our city (Air pollution, 2010). It also has some natural sources, such as bush fires, carbon monoxide levels typically are highest during cold weather, because cold temperatures make the less fires and make that pollutants close to the ground(Air pollution, 2010).In brief, the reason of air pollution is from our daily life, it is Ozone, Airborne Particles, Carbon Monoxide and other natural sources. On the other side, there are two effects of air pollution on the human body. One effect is the respiratory system. Air pollution can make the lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, chronic bronchitis. According to a report: People who living in community with high particle may have suppressed lung growth, moved into a city more clear, lung growth returned to normal rate(Air pollution, 2010). People who breathe in much carbon monoxide can cause the carbon monoxide poisoning (Kleinman, 2000). Another one effect is the cardiovascular system. For example, heart  disease, such as chest pain for discomfort, partially blocked arteries (Air pollution,2010). As a report, Carbon monoxide enters the bloodstream through the lung and binds to haemoglobin, the substance in blood that carries oxygen to cells. So carbon monoxide reduces the amount of oxygen reach the bodys organs and tissues (Air pollution, 2010). Air pollution also have other effects such as wheezing, coughing, chest pain, dry throat, headache and increased fatigue. To sum up, air pollution have effects on our respiratory system and cardiovascular system. To conclusion, there have three conditions cause air pollution, for example, Ozone, Airborne Particles and Carbon Monoxide. Air pollution can cause the respiratory system problems and cardiovascular system problems on human body, such as lung disease, carbon monoxide poisoning and heart disease. However, people should change their diet, keep the city more green. Everyone can be able to be affected by air pollution when pollutants have the higher concentrations. A serious problem is finding the way how to deal with Ozone, Airborne Particles and Carbon Monoxide. And control the hurt from air pollution. Reference Lists Air pollution, n.d., NSW Health, NSW Department of Health, Viewed 27th August 2010 http://www.health.nsw.gov.au/PublicHealth/environment/air/air pollution.asp Kleinman, T 2000, The health effects of air pollution on children, South Coast Air Quality Management District, viewed 27th August 2000 http://www.aqmd.gov/forstudents/health effects on children.htm#WhatCanBeDone Word count: 637

Christian religion Essay Example for Free

Christian religion Essay Many aspects of our Christian religion today have developed because of these early religious beliefs and culture of the Romans. At the beginning, the Roman Empire was able to develop more than any other country because of its acceptance of some areas of culture and religion of its conquered enemies and allowing them to keep their religion and culture, blending the old ways with the new. How little was known, that the paganism belief system of the Roman Empire would eventually lead the way to the new Christianity religion of the world. Paganism, with its gods and goddesses, answered humanity’s problems and provided answers at the whim of these supernatural beings. In the early stages of Greek and Roman culture, mythology answered all questions regarding the origin of the world and of man. (Case, 1929, p. 12) In the early days of Greece and Rome, everything under the sun was explained by the gods and goddesses humanity was at their whim along depending on their whims, just as today everything we do is explained through the Christian belief of God and Jesus, instead of the Roman gods and goddesses. In Rome, mythology answered all questions while today Christianity answers all of ours in regard to the world and mankind’s problems, all being subject to superhuman beings who have a lot to do with the affairs of mankind. Christianity became the official religion of the Roman empire under the Emperor Constantine in AD 324 (the Emperor Julian, known to Christians as the Apostate, failed to bring about a pagan revival a few years later), and pagan forms of worship were finally made illegal in 390 by Theodosius. The myths of the pagan gods were particularly vulnerable to Christian attack, as can be seen in Lactantius Divine Institutes I 9-22 and Augustines City of God. (Rivers, 1994, p. 22) According to Barry Banning’s article entitled, â€Å"The Irony of Faith†, which is part of the research done for his book The Unspoken Power of Rome, he refers to the fact most world religions expect people to believe in something that cannot be detected, seen, felt, heard, tasted, or smelled. Researching the fact that Rome had a serious influence on early Christian’s beginning and formation, he also says that people are expected to believe in something that doesn’t exist physically and can’t be proved in normal human experiences. In most of the world religions, people are asked to believe in something that can not be detected, seen, felt, heard, tasted, or smelled. They are asked to believe in something that doesn’t exist physically and can’t be proven in normal human experience. And when confronted with numerous, obvious discrepancies, the normal response is â€Å"faith†. Faith is the key to understanding. Faith is the key to believing in concepts that cannot be explained. (Banning, 2001, 1) Over the last several years, most Christians have accepted blindly this philosophy of faith, not realizing how much influence that Rome had on Christianity and how we perceive it today, in its early beginnings. Very little credit was ever historically given to Rome for having any influence on Christianity and how we look at it presently – many Christians refusing to believe that many aspects of Christianity had its origins in the pagan arena of Rome, and in the development of our present social orders. However, most of this credit was because of the way Christians hid inside the Roman Empire, to avoid persecution or death by the Romans. The hardest thing possible was to believe in one God instead of many gods and goddesses, remaining anonymous, while still living as Christians in brutal Rome. Early Christians, facing scorn at best and persecution at worst, depending on Emperor and the era, were forced to blend in with their Pagan counterparts. In order to celebrate the holidays of their religion, the Christians used pre-existing holidays and festivals to blend in. Christmas, for example, was originally part of the great festival of the Winter Solstice, or the Saturnalia. By adopting this grand event as the celebration of Christs birth, Christian revelry was allowed to take place, largely unnoticed. The Church too manipulated customs and traditions of the Pagan Empire to make their faith more adaptable. (Kousoulas, 2006,1) Christianity had been the official religion of Rome since 392, before Rome’s official fall in 476 when its last ruler, Romulus Augustus, fell under Alaric and the Visigoths in 410 and later destroyed by the Vandals in 455. According to Professor Richard Baldwin at the Gulf Coast Community College in Florida, this fall of Rome would later influence the Middle Ages and its civilizations in classical Greek and Roman cultures, Christianity, and the Germanic culture. With modern science and intellectual knowledge today slowly replacing the word of God and Christian beliefs, public and society religious dedication has become a thing of the past unwelcome in schools and sports, government buildings, and bringing down the morals of society. We need to look at Rome’s influence on the world accompanied with many other civilizations that were also influential on the world that led to Christianity. The development of human societies was not continuous. It was started several times anewin India, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Greece, Rome, Scandinavia, and in Western Europe, beginning each time with the primitive tribe and then the village community. But if we consider each of these lines separately, we certainly find in each of them, and especially in the development of Europe since the fall of the Roman Empire, a continual widening of the conception of mutual support and mutual protection, from the clan to the tribe, the nation, and finally to the international union of nations. (Kropotkin, 1934, p. 17) Christianity today is going through another revival such as in Rome, with many Christians now looking deeply inside – philosophizing and asking inner questions concerning what they have always been told – such as, is Christianity a pure religion in itself, or is it a combination of other religions. As Barry Banning said, previous Christian philosophies and hierarchical leaders told us to never question anything about our churches or what we have been taught. Christians are individuals who have unique mindsets, they are going to grow and change in their perception of the world around them, and this is a time when humanity is asking questions, seeking to find out truths. We are beginning to observe what Christianity is really about, not blindly accepting what we have been told by our superiors. The Roman imprints left from the early Christian development have simply extended an age-old religious philosophy that has long been past due for a change and maybe a needed updated version. Over the centuries, Christianity has not only changed in an intellectual theory but also with the philosophy regarding its impact by Rome. People change and learn in different ways, with continuously changing perceptions that cross many barriers – age, education, beliefs, or culture. Nevertheless, the bottom line is, without Rome we would never have had Christianity. Moreover, today Christianity as a single religion is ranked as the world’s largest religion, with sub-groups being included in this statistic. For the purpose of statistics, Christians refer to varying degrees of religious activity within Christianity – including Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, Protestant, Pentecostals, Jehovah’s Witnesses, Latter-day Saints, African Indigenous Churches, and others. All of this is very different from the early days of Rome, with terrified Christians being persecuted for speaking and attempting to practice their religion. Yet, no matter where we look regarding Christianity, we find ourself looking also at the Roman Empire and its early heritage and culture, still breathing today inside our churches and religious cultures. BIBLIOGRAPHY BOOKS: Banning, B. (2001). The Unspoken Power of Rome. 1st Edition. Albuquerque, New Mexico: Wellspring Books. Case, S. C. (1929). Experience with the Supernatural in Early Christian Times. New York: The Century Company. Laistner, M. L. (1951). Christianity and Pagan Culture in the Later Roman Empire. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. Kropotkin, P. P. A. (1934). The Present Need of Determining the Bases of Morality. New York: Dial Press. Potter, D. S. (2004). The Roman Empire at Bay: AD 180-395. New York: Routledge. Rivers, I. (1994). Classical and Christian Ideas in English Renaissance Poetry: A Student’s Guide. New York: Routledge.

Examining HRM Initiatives utilized by Modern Companies

Examining HRM Initiatives utilized by Modern Companies What is HRM The term HRM or human resource management means managing people in different areas of the business. Human resource responsibilities consist of four types of responsibilities in the business management hiring, retaining, compensation and designing their work in the organization. The basic objective of almost every HRM department in the business organizations is to maximise the overall production efficiency of the organization and the optimal use of the human resources (employees) As Edward L. Gubman observed in the  Journal of Business Strategy,  the basic mission of human resources will always be to acquire, develop, and retain talent; align the  workforce  with the business; and be an excellent contributor to the business. Those three challenges will never change. Human Resource Management in the Current Era In recent years, HRM field changed to a great extent and has the major effect on the field of human resource management. One of the major aspects is technology development in the business environment. So human resource management has to face new challenges like to train the employees for new technologies like satellite networking and tele-conferessing and other such like devices. Importance of Human Resource Management Until a few years back the HRM department was being considered the department of less importance in the corporate hierarchy but now human resource department value in the organizations has grown dramatically because management knows that HRM department is directly responsible for the progress and nourishment of the business. Without effective HRM department it is impossible for companies to compete and evolve the current era of business competition. And this recognition of HRM importance has reached not only to the large scale businesses but also to the small scale businesses. As Irving Burstiner commented in  The Small Business Handbook,  Hiring the right people-and training them well-can often mean the difference between scratching out the barest of livelihoods and steady business growthà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Personnel problems do not discriminate between small and big business. You find them in all businesses, regardless of size. Importance of Performance Appraisal in Current Scenario To measure and evaluate the performance of the employees is always very crucial for business and the concerned managers and officials continuously perform this rating and evaluation throughout the year. The importance of appraising performance of the employees can be compared to the managing financials and other resources of the organization because the performance of the employees has the direct relation with the utilization of the other resources of the organization and heavily effect the overall performance of the organization. How to conduct performance appraisal programme The five key elements of the performance appraisal are: Measurement   assessing performance against agreed targets and objectives. Feedback   providing information to the individual on their performance and progress. Positive reinforcement   emphasising what has been done well and making only constructive criticism about what might be improved. Exchange of views   a frank exchange of views about what has happened, how appraises can improve their performance, the support they need from their managers to achieve this and their aspirations for their future career. Agreement   jointly coming to an understanding by all parties about what needs to be done to improve performance generally and overcome any issues raised in the course of the discussion. There are many tools for performance appraisal which are being used by the different organizations like behavioural anchored rating scale, forced choice method, checklist, graphic rating scale, rating, M.B.O. etc. Case study AUTOGLASS Ltd Background Autoglass is the UKs leading vehicle glass repair and replacement company, and has the largest market share. It is part of the Belron group, which is the worlds biggest vehicle glass company. In the UK, there are just over 2,000 employees, approximately 1,100 of whom are mobile technicians, working out of 130 branches. There are three main groups of employee: trained and trainee technicians based throughout the UK; customer service staff based in the customer contact centre in Bedford and in Autoglass branches across the UK, and support staff located in the state-of-the-art head office in Bedford. The HR department is a team of 25 people, which manages all the HR functions including: resourcing, employee relations, management development, technical training, internal communications, health and safety, and technical services. The case for alignment The organisation has always performed well. HR has a good reputation and has been an important part of the business since the late-1990s. (From the early-1990s, HR was known as Personnel and Training.) The HR plan is formulated with close consideration to the business strategy, but as well as this HR is in a position to add to the business planning processes. The HR director is a member of the executive committee, which is responsible for strategy and business development. In 2002, although the company continued to be successful, it was felt there was a need to map out new opportunities for growth and to review the strengths of the business, so Autoglass committed to a strategic review. This ran in partnership with the parent company. An important part of this was a people review, which examined: Who have we got? The demographic picture How people enter and exit the business recruitment, tenure and turnover How people are managed The organisational culture. How was alignment achieved? Although historically there has been a personnel function in Autoglass since the early-1990s, the HR director role was created in 1997.HR is now an established fulcrum between company and staff. There are two key strands to this role, which HR endeavours to interweave. Improving: business performance by working closely with the business heads and the yearly/five-year business plans the working lives and conditions of employees and, as it is not a unionised environment, HR takes this role seriously. The HR director believes that working conditions affect the standard of people coming into the company. For example, HR recently increased holiday entitlement for managers after noticing that their offering was a bit short of the national average. This was done despite some management resistance. A great example of HR working in line with the business at Autoglass was the role played in critical structural and reward changes in 2000 after it was recognised that the business structures had become too complex.HR led the approach to these changes while working very closely with regional managers, providing professional competence, guidance and moral support. For the organisation, it was an excellent example of cross-functional working. The changes included: Discontinuation of the network structure, so branches became independent Even stronger commitment to the mobile working strategy Table Of Different Significant HR Initiatives And Business Out Comes HR INITIATIVE BUSINESS OUTCOME Training and development Auto glass invest more than average in its training and development programme50, providing a comprehensive training programme for technicians through the National Skills Centre. In addition, there is a management training plan, and management development centres have been run based on carefully analysed leadership success factors Staff turnover has fallen The quality of service has improved Succession planning An organisation-wide capability review has recently been conducted The trainee management programme is Auto glasss graduate recruitment programme, which is fairly unique in the industry. Improving the quality of branch management Employee relations There is an employee assistance programme,which has a utilisation rate of just under five per cent Managing directors open house programme Field-based HR roles staff satisfaction is used as a key performance indicator and the overall index score has increased from 50 to 61 since 1995. Pay and benefits The pay scales are in the upper quartile and all staff are on a variable earnings plan Business performance has improved year on year since 2000,with 2003 being the best year ever Performance management Autoglass has a well-established performance management system. Every manager has received training in the process. Recent trends show that positive ratings are on the increase The staff survey shows the highest positive results around clarity of goals and whats expected of me.This suggests the organisation is providing a framework for employees to work to their maximum capacity We come to you. Productivity-based reward system for technicians, which was a huge benefit to the business. The management and output of the strategic people review is a good reflection of the overall HR ethos in Autoglass, which focuses on the practical and does not over intellectualise in pursuit of best practice. The HR director feels that it is more important to realise that organisations are not linear: learning about your specific case and finding out where the pain is in the business is more realistic. While working towards more blue sky improvements is important, it is critical to balance this with attending to existing problems.HR see this balance as their key role. To plan current and future HR work so that it aligns with business needs, Autoglass uses both quantitative and qualitative methods including staff satisfaction survey results, turnover and sickness data as well as listening to what people at all levels around the business are saying. For example, senior managers go out into the business and lead open house participative sessions with a cross-section of staff.HR facilitate these sessions, focusing on what issues are being dealt with in the business currently and managing staff expectations. The HR department is confident in its ability to add value. Resources for the review were found almost entirely internally rather than using large-scale consultancy to manage the process. For the strategic review, Autoglass used an internal team (including a regional manager ,a contact centre manager, an HR manager, the HR director and the rewards manager),with support from their parent company Belron and one independent consultant from The Work Foundation to provide an external perspective. Outcomes Generally, according to the staff attitude survey, satisfaction ratings have improved in gradual progression over roughly the last 8-year period to 61 from a base of 50.Although managers own the results of their area, HR feels this says a great deal about its contribution to the business and the working lives of staff overall. The pace of improvement has accelerated since the changes in 2000 that resulted from the changing the game project. The business, after an initial dip, was energised. More specifically, the people review provided an excellent birds-eye view of how HR was functioning. While the policies and processes were working well generally, it was felt that there were areas of real weakness that were a cost to the business and could be improved on. The main issue was that the recruitment process for technicians was not working. In response to the review findings, in under a year HR has designed and perfected a new approach to recruitment. Although there is habitually high turnover in the industry, this has improved. The process has been well received throughout the business. Training and development initiatives have had a positive effect on the business. Drop-out rates from training programmes are low, indicating that staff and their managers value training and give it a high priority. Around 56 per cent of people are working to a personal development plan. More crucially, the National Skills Centre had a positive impact, most notably on performance of fitters, and a business case for a relocation and expansion of the facility was approved earlier in the year. Succession planning has resulted in a balance at senior levels between internal promotion and external appointments. Most vacancies are advertised internally, but an exclusively external process is used if it is known that the necessary skills and experience do not exist in the organisation or new blood is needed. Conditions for success The good reputation of HR is critical to its involvement in business planning and performance improvements. The HR director feels that HR people who understand the business they are in and are confident to be part of the issues peculiar to it is central to sustaining their reputation. This combined with enlightened senior management is how HR sustains its strategic role. In Autoglass it is accepted that people are part of the solution rather than part of the problem. The people dynamic is crucial people are a vital part of our business, says the HR director. With an overwhelming majority of their customers meeting technicians in the field face-to-face, the people element cannot be ignored.HR is fundamental to recruiting and managing these people. Influencing business heads is an important and iterative process at Autoglass. Partnerships with business heads are central to most of the projects they work on, for example the structural and pay changes in 2000.In addition, persistence with initiatives and ideas has been a large part of HRs success in adding value. While you need a few quick wins, issues such as motivation and leadership are only long term. There is no use in pretending otherwise, says the HR director. Challenges Phase One of the overall strategic process took longer than anticipated due to some complicated market research. As a consequence, the follow-up stages have been delayed. Often the stark realities of business needs are cyclical and demand short-term responses, which can inhibit longer term thinking. However, HR views this as the way things are rather than a major challenge although there can be tensions in getting people to realise that long-term solutions are vital to managing out short-term problems. For example, getting people to use new recruitment approaches and getting people to stick with it even if it does not work at first. Sustainability Building on achievements and working with the business as they evolve. Consistently reviewing HR policies and processes. Continuing to find the weak spots in the business and looking at where HR can intervene. Pushing the boundaries of the employer of choice agenda, for instance implementing a sabbatical policy. Learning and sharing across the Belron group, particularly looking at the more mature businesses in the organisation, such as those in Belgium and Holland

William Wordsworth Essay -- essays research papers

William Wordsworth William Wordsworth was, in my eyes one of the best know romanticist writers of his time. Most of his pieces talk about nature and religion. He, like most romantic poets of his time revolted against the industrial revolution and wrote many pieces about nature in order to go up against it. During the industrial revolution there were many factories being built up that took away most of the open countryside that everyone enjoyed. In these factories, workers were given long hours and little pay for their harsh working conditions. Wordsworth saw this and was appalled at how the factories could first come and take over the land and hire workers for practically no pay and long hours, so he wrote about nature to rebel against the factories. He wrote these poems to let people escape the reality of their lives and have something that was positive to live for. Wordsworth is considered a romantic because his writings were very imaginative, emotional, and visionary. He regularly discussed poetry with his friend Samuel Coleridge, who at the time was also a romantic writer. In their time as friends they wrote and discussed many poems, which later led to the writing of a prelude for his wife whom he had four children with. Originally Wordsworth was from England and was born in 1770 and graduated from Cambridge University. After he graduated he began his work on the idiom of the eighteenth century, which rebelled against the industrial revolution. Dorothy Wordsworth, Wi...

Biography And History: Harriet Jacobs The Life Of A Slave Girl :: essays research papers

Biography and History: Harriet Jacob's The Life of a Slave Girl To be a good writer, you must posess a careful balance between detachment and association, a delicate waltz where you are not so wrapped up in the events of a story that it alienates the reader, and yet not so far separated from the subject matter that the readers cannot get into it. This is espectially the case in an autobiographical narrative. In this case, it is very difficult to detach yourself from the main subject matter, that is, yourself. Yet it must remain a story, and the story at its heart is a reconstruction of facts from the memory of the author. In the case of Harriet Jacobs, it was also important that she make sure the readers understood slavery from a woman's perspective. The hardships she had to endure not only entailed the work and the punishments, but also the sexual aspect of being a slave-girl. Her task is difficult, because in order for the reader to really understand her position as a woman and a slave, she must make the story extremely personal. If it is too personal, however, the reader looses sight of the bigger picture, and does not relate all these hardships to the condition of the general female slave. She accomplishes this in two ways, through her writing style, and the writing content. The style that the novel is written varies from a dialogue to a narrative, depending on the subject matter being written about. For example, the dialogue where Mrs. Flint confronts Linda (Jocobs) and asks her what has been going on with her husband is handled very effectively, because as a conversation between two people, we are able to pick up on the nuances of meaning. Also, it makes the situation seem to the reader as very exhilarating, because we don't know what's going to happen next. Two paragraphs later, though, the story has turned back into narrative, because Jacobs is trying to examine the entire situation in her present day, as a free woman. She has to be detached from the conversation in order for her to draw any conclusions. The conclusion she draws is that even though they are in different circumstances, (Linda is a slave and Mrs. Flint is her mistress), they both have a shared problem as women -- that is, the problems of infedelity. This general topic cannot be dealt with effectively unless it is done at a distance, looking back with the experience she has gained. Jacobs does this a lot -- she takes her own present-day experiences and